The Possible Potential Therapeutic Targets for Drug Induced Gingival Overgrowth

نویسندگان

  • Tamilselvan Subramani
  • Vidhya Rathnavelu
  • Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
چکیده

Gingival overgrowth is a side effect of certain medications. The most fibrotic drug-induced lesions develop in response to therapy with phenytoin, the least fibrotic lesions are caused by cyclosporin A, and the intermediate fibrosis occurs in nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. Fibrosis is one of the largest groups of diseases for which there is no therapy but is believed to occur because of a persistent tissue repair program. During connective tissue repair, activated gingival fibroblasts synthesize and remodel newly created extracellular matrix. Proteins such as transforming growth factor (TGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) appear to act in a network that contributes to the development of gingival fibrosis. Since inflammation is the prerequisite for gingival overgrowth, mast cells and its protease enzymes also play a vital role in the pathogenesis of gingival fibrosis. Drugs targeting these proteins are currently under consideration as antifibrotic treatments. This review summarizes recent observations concerning the contribution of TGF-β, CTGF, IGF, PDGF, ET-1, Ang II, and mast cell chymase and tryptase enzymes to fibroblast activation in gingival fibrosis and the potential utility of agents blocking these proteins in affecting the outcome of drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Drug-induced Gingival Enlargement – Part II Antiepileptic Drugs: Not Only Phenytoin is Involved

Introduction: Gingival enlargement is the term now used to describe medication-related gingival overgrowth or gingival hyperplasia, a common reactionary phenomenon that occurs with the use of several types of therapeutic agents, including antiepileptic drugs. This disorder has been recognized since 1939, shortly after the introduction of phenytoin. Methods: Review of literature concerning etiol...

متن کامل

Using Salivary Nitrite and Nitrate Levels as a Biomarker for Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth

AIM Drug-induced gingival overgrowth has a multifactorial nature and the pathogenesis is still uncertain. It has been suggested that Nitric Oxide (NO) might play a role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth due to the contribution of NO to immune response and matrix degradation. NO levels in biological fluids have been used as a diagnostic biomarker in many diseases. The aim o...

متن کامل

مروری بر افزایش حجم لثه مرتبط با دارو در بیماران کودک و نوجوان

Gingival overgrowth is a drug-associated side effect occurs in pediatric patients. Phenytoin, cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers, and amphetamine are primary drugs that can cause gingival enlargement in children. Pediatric patients are more prone to drug-associated gingival overgrowth rather than adults. Gingival overgrowth may cause functional, phonetic, and nutritional difficulties, and m...

متن کامل

Gingival Overgrowth Induced by Immunosuppressive Treatment with Cyclosporine a and Mycophenolate Mofetil in a Patient with Kidney Transplant – a Case Report and Literature Review

Cyclosporine A, a drug that inhibits the immune response, has been widely used for over 30 years in immu‐ nosuppressive therapy protocols for patient‐recipients of the transplanted organs. One of the commonly reported side effects of Cyclosporine A is gingival overgrowth, with varying degrees of severity, which may interfere with the aesthetics and normal functions of the oral cavity. Combi‐ na...

متن کامل

Cellular crosstalk mechanism of Toll-like receptors in gingival overgrowth (review).

Gingival overgrowth is an undesirable outcome of systemic medication and is evidenced by the accretion of collagenous components in gingival connective tissues along with diverse degrees of inflammation. Phenytoin therapy has been found to induce the most fibrotic lesions in gingiva, cyclosporine caused the least fibrotic lesions, and nifedipine induced intermediate fibrosis in drug‑induced gin...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 2013  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013